科研趋势
历年科研结果应用趋势一目了然
-
High Short-circuit Current Density via Integrating the Perovskite and Ternary Organic Bulk Heterojunction
摘要： We demonstrate a record short-circuit current density (28.06 mA/cm2) in a single junction perovskite solar cell with a 1.6 eV bandgap absorber. We achieve this by integrating ternary organic bulk heterojunction structure into perovskite top layer to extend the photoresponse to near-infrared region.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
Group Velocity–Driven Inverse Metamaterial Design
摘要： We are concerned with controlling wave propagation in an elastic medium by engineering its dispersive properties. To this end, we discuss a flexible and systematic framework for designing the material composition of the unit cell of a periodic medium when given a target dispersion relation or, equivalently, a target group velocity profile at a user-defined frequency range. We cast the inverse medium design problem as a dispersion-constrained optimization problem that minimizes the distance between the target and the computed group velocity profiles. We rely on the Hellmann–Feynman theorem to obtain the computed group velocity of a trial unit cell, and use a gradient-based algorithm to drive the engineered medium’s material properties to convergence. We numerically demonstrate the capabilities of the approach using scalar waves in one and two dimensions. We also use the method to design metamaterials exhibiting user-defined omnidirectional band gaps and to provide numerical evidence of the metamaterial’s intended performance via time-domain simulations.
关键词： band gap.,Dispersion engineering,Group velocity,Inverse metamaterial design更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
Achieving self-guiding unidirectional electromagnetic bulk states by breaking time-mirror symmetry
摘要： The complete chloroplast genome of a rare deciduous tree species with ornamental value, Sinomanglietia glauca, was first determined. It was 160,170 bp in length, including a pair of inverted repeat (IR, 26,567 bp) regions separated by a small single copy (SSC, 18,842 bp) sequence and a large single copy (LSC, 88,194 bp) sequence. The chloroplast genome contained 132 genes, consisting of 87 CDS, 8 rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA genes. Thirty-four SSR sites were detected in the chloroplast genome. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that all sampled Manglietia species were clustered together, and S. glauca was placed as sister to the clade Manglietia, indicated that the genus Sinomanglietia may be legitimate and should be recovered.
关键词： Manglietia decidua,phylogeny,Magnoliaceae更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
Polymerizable Photocleavable Columnar Liquid Crystals for Nanoporous Water Treatment Membranes
摘要： Here, we describe a strategy to obtain nanoporous liquid-crystalline (LC) membranes by incorporating a photocleavable ortho-nitrobenzyl group in polymerizable columnar liquid crystals. Two derivatives were synthesized with propylene and nonylene spacers, respectively, between the ionic and the photocleavable moieties to introduce various size nanopores after photocleavage. The membranes were prepared by photopolymerization in the LC states, followed by photocleavage and washing with methanol. The resulting membranes show a virus rejection of 99.99%. Although the rejection value remained almost the same for the two membranes, water flux increased with increasing the length of the alkyl spacers. These membranes were found to be almost free from pinhole defects. The present study offers a new methodology for the development of nanoporous membranes with organized nanostructures for separation technologies.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
A new scheme for fixed node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo with pseudopotentials: Improving reproducibility and reducing the trial-wave-function bias
摘要： Fixed node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (FN-DMC) is an increasingly used computational approach for investigating the electronic structure of molecules, solids, and surfaces with controllable accuracy. It stands out among equally accurate electronic structure approaches for its favorable cubic scaling with system size, which often makes FN-DMC the only computationally affordable high-quality method in large condensed phase systems with more than 100 atoms. In such systems, FN-DMC deploys pseudopotentials (PPs) to substantially improve efficiency. In order to deal with nonlocal terms of PPs, the FN-DMC algorithm must use an additional approximation, leading to the so-called localization error. However, the two available approximations, the locality approximation (LA) and the T-move approximation (TM), have certain disadvantages and can make DMC calculations difficult to reproduce. Here, we introduce a third approach, called the determinant localization approximation (DLA). DLA eliminates reproducibility issues and systematically provides good quality results and stable simulations that are slightly more efficient than LA and TM. When calculating energy differences—such as interaction and ionization energies—DLA is also more accurate than the LA and TM approaches. We believe that DLA paves the way to the automation of FN-DMC and its much easier application in large systems.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
Valence Engineering <i>via</i> Dual-Cation and Boron Doping in Pyrite Selenide for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution
摘要： Valence engineering has been proved an effective approach to modify the electronic property of a catalyst and boost its oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity, while the limited number of elements restricts the structural diversity and the active sites. Also, the catalyst performance and stability are greatly limited by cationic dissolution, ripening, or crystal migration in a catalytic system. Here we employed a widely used technique to fabricate heteroepitaxial pyrite selenide through dual-cation substitution and a boron dopant to achieve better activity and stability. The overpotential of Ni-pyrite selenide catalyst is decreased from 543 mV to 279.8 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with a Tafel slope from 161 to 59.5 mV dec−1. Our theoretical calculations suggest both cation and boron doping can effectively optimize adsorption energy of OER intermediates, promote the charge transfer among the heteroatoms, and improve their OER property. This work underscores the importance of modulating surface electronic structure with the use of multiple elements and provides a general guidance on the minimization of activity loss with valence engineering.
关键词： oxygen evolution reaction,boron doping,pyrite selenide,multimetallic compound,valence engineering更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing XIV RUSSIAN-GERMANY CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (RGC-2019) - St. Petersburg, Russia (3–6 July 2019)] XIV RUSSIAN-GERMANY CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (RGC-2019) - Information productivity of the systems intended for biological objects images multispectral processing using acousto-optic tunable filters
摘要： Multispectral image processing means that several kinds of information, preferably spatial and spectral, have to be processed simultaneously. The reliable recording of these kinds of information causes usually losses of the time information which is often undesirable. However, if the selective element operation speed is high enough, as it takes place in the case of acousto-optic tunable filters application, the time information losses can be minimized. The interconnection between different kinds of the processed and transmitted information by means of the systems of images multispectral processing is considered, and such systems information productivity limitation are estimated. The influence of these limitations on the possibilities of such systems application for the problems of medical diagnostics is discussed.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
Investigation on the impact of hydrogen on the passivation of silicon surface states in clean and copper contaminated conditions
摘要： Hydrogen is identified as a useful technique to passivate defects within crystalline silicon. However, the effect of hydrogen passivation for a silicon surface is normally characterized as a reduction in surface recombination velocity (SRV), which is not enough to reflect the detailed changes of electronic properties, such as defect density, defect energy levels, and capture cross section, of silicon surface states. In this paper, we utilized the transient capacitance measurement to characterize the detailed electronic properties of silicon surface states before and after hydrogenation. The differences, in terms of the effects of hydrogenation on silicon surface states, either in copper contaminated conditions or clean conditions, are presented and discussed.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
AIP Conference Proceedings [AIP Publishing THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019) - Karbala City, Iraq (27–28 March 2019)] THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019) - Evaluation and improvement the performance of MCM solar modules in Iraqi environments
摘要： Due the disadvantages of fossil fuel the solar energy is the most important renewable energy sources world requests. Iraq is rich with this kind of energy, where yearly solar activity reaches around 2000kWh / m2 / year on the horizontal surface. In PV application of solar energy the ambient temperature causes a reduction in solar module performance. The present work aims at evaluate the performance of well-known commercially solar module (MCM 122.36 W) under the effect of real outdoor conditions in Iraqi environments (summer season) and find a method for cooling it. The results shown that the ambient temperature caused to rise the module temperature to, approximately, double of its value. The results also indicated that the module output power was degraded with increased of module temperature to more than 32.6% its value in standard condition, then 82% of this loss was recovered by cooling of solar module. The main conclusion that can be extracted from this work is that there is a promising future for PV project applications in Iraq.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
GdVO <sub/>4</sub> :Eu <sup>3+</sup> ,Bi <sup>3+</sup> Nanoparticles as a Contrast Agent for MRI and Luminescence Bioimaging
摘要： With the development of multifunctional imaging, gadolinium (Gd)-bearing inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), which were doped with trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+), have been applied in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging owing to their high payload of Gd3+ ions and specific optical characteristics. In this study, we chose GdVO4 codoped with Eu3+ and Bi3+ as the host material to generate a highly efficient contrast agent (CA) for MRI and long-term luminescence imaging. The new CA emits strong and stable luminescence because of its strong characteristic emissions, resulting from the energy-transfer process from the vanadate groups (VO43−) to the Eu3+ and Bi3+ dopants. Additionally, these NPs provided conspicuous T1 and T2 relaxation time-shortening characteristics, which result in MRI enhancement. GdVO4:Eu3+,Bi3+ NPs were tested on liver tumor-bearing nude mice, and showed improved liver tumor contrast in T2-weighted MR images (T2WI). The dual-modal imaging probe exhibited no cytotoxicity or organ toxicity, reflecting its excellent biocompatibility. Thus, GdVO4:Eu3+,Bi3+ has the potential to be used for bioassays in vitro and liver tumor targeting in vivo. The results reveal the great promise of using the designed GdVO4:Eu3+,Bi3+ NPs as luminescent and MRI dual-mode bioprobes for clinical bioimaging applications.
更新于2026-04-27 16:46:29
-
智能分析： AQ6370系列光谱分析仪是横河电机提供的高性能光学测试设备，具有高分辨率、宽动态范围和快速扫描能力，广泛应用于光通信、激光器测试和光纤传感等领域。其支持多种光纤类型和大芯径光纤输入，操作便捷，功能强大，是光谱分析领域的领先产品。但其重量较大，对便携性有一定影响，且高级功能对新用户可能有一定门槛。总体而言，此产品在技术性能和应用广度上表现出色，适合专业用户和实验室使用。获取实验方案 -
智能分析： Agilent Cary 7000是一款性能卓越的光谱测量设备，适用于科研和工业应用中复杂的光学分析需求。其多模式测量、高精度和自动化设计为用户提供了便捷的操作体验，同时显著节约了时间和成本。尽管其高端定位带来较高的价格，但其性能无疑是行业中的佼佼者，适合需要高精度和多功能性的用户。获取实验方案
-
智能分析： 蔡司Axioscope 5是一款专为提升实验室效率设计的智能显微镜，凭借其创新的智能操作、优异的成像质量以及广泛的适用领域，展现了其卓越的性能与实用价值。然而，目镜规格的不明确以及价格信息的缺失可能会对特定用户的选择造成一定影响。整体而言，该产品是高要求实验室和研究机构的理想选择。获取实验方案 -
智能分析： Ocean Insight的USB4000是一款性能优异的光纤光谱仪，集合了宽光谱范围、高灵敏度、高动态范围等特点，在吸收、反射以及发射光谱测量中表现出色。其紧凑轻便的设计和多种接口选项使其便于携带和集成，适合科研、工业检测和环境监测等多种应用场景。然而，其在最大积分时间和分辨率上的某些局限性可能会影响部分高精度或长时间测量的需求。总体而言，USB4000是一款极具性价比的光谱测量设备，适合广泛的用户群体使用。获取实验方案 -
型号：ZEISS LSM 990 Spectral Multiplex
智能分析： ZEISS LSM 990 Spectral Multiplex是一款定位于高端科研机构的光谱成像系统，具有卓越的光谱分辨率和自动化功能，适用于复杂的生物、医学及材料科学实验。其高效的荧光标签分离能力和多功能自动化设计为用户提供了强大的实验支持。然而，高昂的价格和一定的学习曲线可能对中小型实验室构成挑战。总体而言，这是一款性能优越、适应性强的高端实验设备。获取实验方案 -
智能分析： Evolution 300紫外可见分光光度计是一款性能卓越的实验室光谱仪，适用于生命科学、材料科学、制药和光谱分析等多种应用领域。其高精度光学设计和宽广的波长范围使其在精密实验中表现出色，同时快速启动和智能附件提升了使用便利性。然而，其设备重量和技术维护需求可能对使用环境有一定限制。总体而言，这是一款可靠且高效的光谱分析工具，适合高要求的实验室应用。获取实验方案
